Module 1.0 The Internet and its Uses 1.0 ? Chapter Introduction 1.0.1 - Introduction Single Diagram Diagram 1, Slideshow The globalization of the Internet has succeeded faster than anyone could have imagined. The manner in which social, commercial, political and personal interactions occur is rapidly changing to keep up with the evolution of the Internet. This expansion has created a wider audience and a larger consumer base for whatever message, product or service can be delivered. Today, there are millions of individuals connected to this global network and the number is growing. After completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe how the Internet is evolving and the various ways that businesses are using the Internet. Describe the importance of standards in the continuing growth of the Internet. Describe the purpose of an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and the services that it offers. Describe the hierarchical structure of the Internet and the purpose of the Point of Presence (POP) and the Internet Exchange Point (IXP). Identify the types of devices used by the ISP to provide services and describe the importance of scalability in the ISP network. Describe the various network support teams that work at an ISP and the roles and responsibilities of each one. 1.1 ? What Is The Internet? 1.1.1 ? The Internet and Standards Two Diagrams Diagram 1, image The Internet and Standards E- Commerce refers to any business that can be conducted over the web. This includes the use of webspace for advertisements, brochures, catalogs, as well as ordering and distribution services. Companies can sell products and services over the Internet from their own websites, through auction sites, or through affiliated websites. Collaboration and Training Refers to creating environments that allow for sharing of documents, presentations and spreadsheets. Allows for virtual teams of people to work together from remote locations for business and training purposes. Examples include: video conferencing, virtual meeting places, virtual classrooms, online learning, online bulletin boards, FTP and password protected databases and applications. Communication Refers to any electronic method of communication, such as the use of email, instantly messaging, and online chat. In addition, many businesses use internal phone systems that operate over the Internet using IP phones and Voice over IP (VoIP) technology to reduce phone costs. Diagram 2, Animation A standard is a set of rules. Players from different countries can play a sport together because they all agree to use the same official rules. In the same way, Internet standards make it possible for different types of devices to work together. HTTP IP Addresses Domain Registries Routing Protocols TCP/IP Transport Protocols FTP DNS WWW HTML Telnet Streaming Video FTP Sites Mobile Computing Email PDAs Instant Messaging MP3 Players Cell Phones Internet standards are developed, published, and maintained by many different organizations, such as ISO, IEEE, ICANN, IANA, and IETF. 1.1.2 ? ISP and ISP Services Two Diagrams Diagram 1, image Business Services Provided by an ISP FTP Hosting Web Hosting Equipment Co-Location Internet Access Voice Over IP Technical Support Applications and Media Hosting POP IP ISP Services Diagram 2, Activity Match the requirements of an end-user to various ISPs. ISP A $40 per month - no monthly contract 10 email accounts Unlimited monthly access 24/7 1-800 support VoIP services $30 per month DSL access 1 GB Web hosting and FTP services ISP B $80 per month (2 year contract) 30 email accounts - extra for a fee DSL and Cable access Toll-free customer support -24/7 VoIP service - $30 per month 2 GB Web hosting and FTP services Maintains customer equipment on-site Maintains on-line database and security services Video conferencing services for an additional $15 month A small business needs an ISP to host their informational website. Customers call the company to place their orders. In addition, the business needs VoIP services to reduce long-distance phone charges and FTP services to share and store files. Cost and flexibility are factors as the company plans to grow over the next few years and may require additional services that they do not need presently. A business with 50 employees would like to offer their employees on-site training with video conferencing. Employees must be able to access an internal company website for training materials and information. All 50 employees require email accounts. A small business wants to create an e-commerce website that allows for online ordering of their products and services. The e-commerce website must be maintained on the ISP premise. A database is needed to maintain customer records. Technical support and security are major considerations. You have correctly matched the business needs with the most appropriate ISP. In scenario 1, the business would select ISP A due to flexibility of no contract and the low cost. In scenario 2, the business would select ISP B due to the availability of video conferencing. In scenario 3, the business would select ISP B due to equipment co-location requirements and secure database services. Click Next to continue. 1.2 ? Internet Service Providers 1.2.1 - Delivering Internet Services to End Users Three Diagrams Diagram 1, Image Basic ISP Connection Options With Access speeds around 56Kbps dialup access is the slowest connection option. For example, download a 5MB file using a 56Kbps dialup connection will take approximately twelve minutes. DSL is a broadband technology that provides high speed digital transmission at speeds from 512Kbps and higher. If you were connected at 512Kbps a 5MB file would download in approximately one minute. Upload and download speeds vary based on geography, distance from the ISP and ISP services available. There are many different flavours of DSL. Typically a home user would use Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), where the download speed is higher than the upload speed. Another type of DSL service is called Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL). The upload and download speed are the same for SDSL so this service might be more useful for small-to-medium businesses. Cable is also a broadband technology with speeds similar to DSL. Depending on location and ISP, cable service can be purchased from 512Kbps and higher. Unlike DSL, the performance of cable is not effected by the distance from the ISP. Cable is a shared bandwidth service so as more customers in an area connect and use the Internet, the speed is affected. Satellite Internet access speeds range from 128 Kbps to 523 Kbps depending on the subscriber plan. Diagram 2. Image High Bandwidth Connection Options Medium Sized Business, T1/E1, 1.544/2.048 Mbps Large Business, T3/E3, 44.736/34.368 Mbps Large Business with Branch Offices in Same City, Metro Ethernet 10 Gbps Diagram 3, Image Components of the Internet No other important information. 1.2.2 - Delivering Internet Services to End Users Two Diagrams Diagram 1, Slideshow Illustrates the flow of data over an Intranet, through the internet and over the second companies intranet. Diagram 2, Image Illustrates the three tiers of Internet access. Explained in text body. 1.2.3 ? Identifying the Structure of the Internet Three Diagrams Diagram 1, Slideshow Illustrates the process of the Ping Command. Diagram 2, Image Example of a traceroute command. Check output in labs. Diagram 3, hands on Lab 1.3 ? ISP Connectivity 1.3.1 ? ISP requirements Three Diagrams Diagram 1, Image Illustrates the requirements of an ISP, terms explained in text body. Diagram 2, Image Illustrates the expansion of an ISP now and in the future Diagram 3, Packet Tracer Exploration 1.3.2 ? Roles and Responsibilities within an ISP Three Diagrams Diagram 1, Image Diagram displays several roles in the ISP: Customer Service Order Entry Planning and Provisioning Team On-site Installation Team NOC Team Help Desk Technical Support Diagram 2, Animation Illustrates the roles of the network support teams Customer: We want to order a T1 Internet connection. Customer Service Order Entry: I have entered your T1 order into our system. Planning and Provisioning Team: I have checked our network plans. Now I will tell the on-site technician which T1 circuit to use. On-site Installation Team: I have connected the T1 circuit at the customer premises. NOC Team: We have tested the T1 Circuit. It is now ready to use. Help Desk Technical Support: This is how to access the new T1 connection. Diagram 3, Activity Match the ISP role to its responsibility. A: Members of this team ensure that the specified requirements of the customer are accurately entered into the order tracking database. B: Members of this team determine whether existing network hardware and circuits are available or whether new circuits need to be installed. C: Members of this team install equipment at the customer site. D: Members of this team monitor and test connections. E: Members of this team guide the customer through the process of setting up passwords and other account information for the new connection. 1. Help Desk Team 2. Planning and Provisioning Team 3. Onsite Installation team 4. Customer Service Team 5. NOC Team 1.4 ? Chapter Summary 1.4.1 ? Summary Slideshow Slide 1 text * Many businesses use the Internet for E-Commerce, communications, collaboration and training. * Networking and Internet standards ensure that all devices connecting to the network use the same set of rules. By having standards, it is possible for different types of devices to send information to each other over the Internet. * Regardless of the type of device that an individual or business wants to use to connect to the Internet, the device must connect through an Internet service provider (ISP). * In addition to offering connection to the Internet, an ISP can offer services such as: equipment co-location, Web hosting, FTP hosting, technical support, Voice over IP, applications and media hosting. Slide 2 text * Larger businesses typically require more bandwidth and higher-speed connections such as: T1/E1, T3/E3, and Metro Ethernet. * The ISP POPs connect to an Internet Exchange Point (IXP), a point where multiple ISPs join together to gain access to each other's networks and exchange information. * The Internet backbone is made up of a group of networks owned by various organizations and interconnected through IXPs and private peering connections. * ISPs are classified as Tier 1, Tier 2, or Tier 3, according to how they access the Internet backbone. Slide 3 text * An ISP requires a number of devices to accept input from end users and provide services, including: access devices, border gateway routers, high end air conditioning units, and power conditioning equipment. * The ISP provides a reliable and scalable network. * A scalable network can expand quickly to support new users and applications without impacting current performance. Slide 4 text * ISP organizations are made up of many teams and departments that have the responsibility of ensuring the smooth operation of the network. * ISP network support teams can include: a customer service team, a NOC team, an on-site installation team, a planning and provisioning team, and the help desk team.